Report About Financial Analysis About Etisalat Uae Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 12 Words: 3546 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Etisalats UAE unit remains the primary contributor to Etisalats overall value with a respective weight of 88.8%. The UAEs growing expatriate population is driving, in particular, the mobile segment of Etisalats operation, which constitutes the bulk of Etisalats overall revenue. They forecast that Etisalats focus on mobile net subscriber acquisition should become secondary, as they believe that it will focus more on providing value-added services to retain its high net-worth customers and sustain its mobile ARPU. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Report About Financial Analysis About Etisalat Uae Finance Essay" essay for you Create order Throughout our forecast period, they believe that internet and broadband subscribers will be the next revenue growth driver, with broadband subscribers capturing the bulk of this growth. Competition in the local market: Despite skepticism concerning sustained mobile subscriber growth at a time when penetration rate in the UAE was already 130% at the end of 2006, with the launch of du, the second mobile operator in February 2007, quarterly net mobile subscriber additions for the total market almost doubled, reaching an approximate 570,000 per quarter during 2007, compared to an average of 247,000 subscribers per quarter in 2006. They do not expect to witness a price war between the two UAE operators in the short term, given the significantly smaller scale of operations that du manages, compared to Etisalat. Given that the level of technology deployed by both operators is similar, they believe that the quality and diversity of bundled services and promotions will be the base for competition in the short term. Consolidation of international operations: Throughout 2007, Etisalat increased its stakes in most of its international operations, enabling it to fully consolidate them into its financial statements which, they believe, will increase the value of Etisalat in the medium to long term. In the short term, however, they expect Etisalats operational performance to decrease or slow down, as most of these operations are still loss making. Strong cash position: Prior to 2006, Etisalat had no debt on its financial statements, generating all of its cash needs internally. However, with Etisalats increased focus on its international operations, management adopted an external financing policy to fund its growth strategy in these countries. On the other hand, despite Etisalats new debt policy, net debt/EBITDA remains negative, implying much more room for additional debt capacity and improved weighted average cost of capital. Foreign stock ownership ban: Currently, Etisalat is in discussions with both the UAE government and the capital market authorities to change it to a corporation governed by commercial law. If Etisalat obtains approval to change to a corporation licensed by commercial law, then it would become eligible for foreign ownership. Currently, only UAE nationals are allowed to trade the stock. In the event that the foreign ownership ban is lifted, they anticipate a rise in turnover and share price. Objective of the company. Profile: Etisalat has been the telecommunications service provider in the UAE since 1976, and has built up a modern telecom infrastructure and established itself as an innovative and reliable operator.   Etisalat stands 140th among the Financial Times Top 500 Corporations in the world in terms of market capitalization, and is ranked by The Middle East magazine as the 6th largest company in the Middle East in terms of capitalization and revenues. The Corporation is the largest contributor outside the oil sector to development programs of the UAE Federal Government, and is an award-winning socially responsible corporation. Etisalat has also won accolades from across the region for its nationalization program.   Apart from enabling the nation with basic telecommunication services, Etisalat also offers a range of innovative and modern services that have served to position the UAE as one of the most advanced nations in terms of telecom services. Mobile users enjoy the benefit s of excellent voice and data applications like WAP, GPRS, 3G, MMS, Push To Talk, BlackBerry services and others. Enterprise and individual customers on the fixed-line network also benefit from services such as ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode), Frame Relay, VSAT and ISDN.   The Corporation offers fixed line services over the Next Generation Network, and has been migrating sections of its users onto the advanced network. The timeline for completion of migration is the end of 2007. By establishing NGN, Etisalat will be able to offer voice, video and data over one single source, enabling true Triple-Play functionality.   Mobile subscribers exceeded 4.5 million by the end of 2005, up 23% from 2004. This represents penetration of nearly 100 per cent, a remarkable figure regionally and internationally. Internet and broadband penetration also witnessed huge growth during 2005, with penetration at almost 51%. Etisalat has concluded roaming agreements with over 265 operat ors, and even Etisalats prepaid mobile subscribers can roam in many of these networks.  In 1982, Etisalat was the first telecom operator in the region to introduce a mobile phone service, and was one of the early adopters of GSM technology, introducing it to customers in 1994. Since then it has established itself as a regional pioneer by introducing both 3G and MMS in 2003, and most recently, the BlackBerry service in 2006. Vision: A world where peoples reach is not limited by matter or distance. People will effortlessly move around the world, staying in touch with family, making new friends as they go, as well as developing new interests. Businesses of all sizes, no longer limited by distance, will be able to reach new markets. Innovative technologies will open up fresh opportunities across the globe, allowing the supply of new goods and services to everyone who wants them. Mission: To extend peoples reach. At Etisalat, we are actively developing advanced networks that will enable people to develop, to learn and to grow. The Future. A world in which technology extends our reach. Already, music, books and services no longer have to have a physical format to be sold online. Advanced networks will increasingly provide education, healthcare and other services and goods. For instance, telemedicine already allows patients to seek the best advice from doctors around the world; now robotic aids are beginning to make remote surgery possible. As the pace of technological change increases, Etisalat will extend its reach into new technologies, services and markets to create opportunities for our customers. Business Divisions: Etisalat University College UAEnic (United Arab Emirates Network Information Center) e-vision Ebtikar The Contact Centre e-Academy Subsidiaries: E-marine. Etisalat has been in the submarine cable business since 1990 through an in-house cable maintenance division. In 1998, this activity was spun off as an independent entity incorporated into Emirates Telecommunications and Marine Services FZE (e-marine). The next phase of growth and development for e-marine is the planned restructuring of the business with a proposal to offer a share of its equity to strategic partners. Partnerships will complement the companys existing strengths, open up new markets, and enhance regional coverage. Specific plans for 2007 are in place with the scheduled delivery in July of a multi purpose DP2 Vessel, which will serve mainly in the lucrative offshore oil industry. In the third quarter, the berthing arrangements on the Arabian Gulf will be shifted to a new port with a much larger depot. A second berthing/depot facility is under construction on the Arabian Sea in Oman and when commissioned in the fourth quarter will extend e-marines reach to the Red Sea, down the coast of East Africa and further into the Indian Ocean. Emirates Cable TV and Multimedia E-Vision: E-Vision is the UAEs leading cable TV provider, offering close to 200 channels in over 21 languages and offering diverse programming suited to the diverse population base of the UAE. With the basic package alone containing 85 channels, and other options including Showtime Cable, Orbit Vision, ART, Firstnet and Pehla, E-VISION is the most comprehensive cable TV provider in the Middle East. Service is now available in Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman and Al-Ain, and is expected to be rolled out across the nation soon. Emirates Telecommunications and Marine Services FZE- e-marine. E-marine operates in the field of submarine cable installation, maintenance and repair throughout the region and beyond. E-marine is the only company of its kind in the Middle Eastern region, and handles regional and international projects with ease. This subsidiary owns three fully equipped cable ships and a modern cable depot in Abu Dhabi. Major international projects have been undertaken by e-marine including the recent block-2 of the SMW-4 cable, FOG and FLAG. Carrier and Wholesale. Etisalats Carrier Wholesale Services Division (CWS) is dedicated to delivering a comprehensive portfolio of high quality wholesale services, extending the reach of mobile operators, carriers and ISPs globally. We operate the regions most extensive international network, with direct links to over 118 destinations; an international mobile network that reaches over 450 destinations. We are the regions largest internet hub and the regional hub for intercontinental cable systems. CWS also provides national wholesale services to the UAE competitive market. Etisalats Carrier Wholesale Services Division provides the following services: e-Voice e-Mobile Emix IP Transit Services e-Capacity e-Connect e-Broadcast ETISALAT INTERNATIONAL: Etisalat management recognizes the importance and responsibility of balancing profitability and growth with long-term sustainability. Over the last five years, the Corporation has continued its high growth trajectory and ha s been progressively looking beyond the borders of the UAE. All of these initiatives are geared towards fulfilling its vision of joining the league of major telecommunication players in the world.   Its core strategy for market selection remains woven around low penetration and high population. This is backed by strong market research on high growth potential, consumer behavior, and value creation opportunities. Today, customers demand not only basic services but also want to take advantage of the value chain in terms of product and service segments. Innovative technology offerings from Etisalats stable produce a strong me too element. Etisalats UAE strategy of delivering the latest technology has established its reputation across the world, so its subsidiaries find it easier to enter new markets. As a result, Etisalat is warmly welcomed as a new entrant whose new products and services are eagerly anticipated. As it expands its global footprint, the Cor poration has been conscious of ensuring that it optimizes the synergies existing in regional markets such as the Middle East or West Africa. In addition, it encourages sharing lessons learned in one operation with others. It has effectively utilized its experience of setting up Greenfield operations in Mobily in Saudi Arabia to the market in Egypt. This ensured Etisalats Egyptian operations passed the 1 million subscriber mark within 50 days of starting operations. Over the years, Etisalats brand equity has grown in profile. In order to leverage its strong brand, the Corporation launches all Greenfield projects under the Etisalat brand. However, in acquired assets where there is an existing strong brand (like Moov in West Africa), it nurtures and strengthens the existing brand. In 2007 Etisalat acquired new assets and consolidated its position in existing markets. It entered two new and exciting markets Nigeria and Indonesia. With their large populations and relativel y low penetration, these markets match Etisalats core corporate strategy perfectly. Aligned with the Corporations mission of extending peoples reach, other promising additions to Etisalats investment portfolio can be expected in 2008 and beyond. FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS Financial ratio analysis is an important topic. It is widely used to summarize the information in a companys financial statements in assessing its financial health. In todays information technology world, real time financial data are readily available via the Internet. We can use several tools to evaluate a company, but some of the most valuable are financial ratios. Ratios are an analysts microscope: they allow us get a better view of the firms financial health than just looking at the raw financial statements. Ratios are useful both to internal and external analysts of the firm. For internal purposes: ratios can be useful in planning for the future, setting goals, and evaluating the performance of managers. External analysts use ratios to decide whether to grant credit, to monitor financial performance, to forecast financial performance, and to decide whether to invest in the company. Calculating financial ratios is a pointless exercise unless we understand how to use them. One overriding rule of ratio analysis is this: A single ratio provides very little information, and may be misleading. We should never draw conclusions from a single ratio. Instead, several ratios should support any conclusions that we make. With that precaution in mind, there are several ways that ratios can be used to draw important conclusions. With this Financial Statement Analysis Tools post series, describe what financial ratios are and who uses them, define the five major categories of ratios (liquidity, efficiency, leverage, coverage, and profitability), calculate the common ratios for any firm by using income statement and balance sheet data, use financial ratios to assess a firms past performance, identify its current problems, and suggest strategies for dealing with these problems, calculate the economic profit of a firm. We will look at many different ratios, but you should be aware that these are, of necessity, only a sampling of the ratios that might be useful. Furthermore, different analysts may calculate ratios slightly differently, so we will need to know exactly how the ratios are calculated in a given situation. The keys to understanding ratio analysis are experience and an analytical mind. We will divide our discussion of the ratios into five categories based on the information provided: Liquidity Ratios, describe the ability of a firm to meets its current obligations. Consisted of: The Current Ratio= (current assets / current liabilities) The Acid Test Ratio= (current assets-inventories/current liabilities) Average Collection Period= (account receivable/daily credit sales)   Efficiency Ratios, (profitability) describe how well the firm is using its investment in assets to produce sales, consisted of: Inventory Turnover Ratio= (cost of goods sold/ inventory) Fixed Asset Turnover Ratio= (Sales/ net fixed assets) Total Asset Turnover Ratio= (sales / total assets) Account Receivable Turnover= (credit sales/ account receivable) operating income return on investment = ( operating income / total assets)   Leverage Ratios, (Financing decision) reveal the degree to which debt has been used to finance the firms asset purchases, consisted of: The Total Debt Ratio= (total Debt / total assets) Times interest earned= (operating income / interest expense) Return on equity = ( net income / common equity ) Return On Equity (ROE) it shows how are the firms mangers are maximizing shareholder welth. ROE = (net income / common equity ) statement. And here are Income Statement and Balance Sheet of ETISALAT for the years 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2004 as data source  we are going to use through this main topic.   The Income Statement. The income statement is a fairly simple document that begins by listing a firms revenues (perhaps by sources or in total) followed by all of the firms expenses. The result of the income statement is the net income for the period. Net income represents the accounting profit left over after all expenses have been paid from the revenue for the period, and below is the ETISALATs Income Statement for the year of 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009. INCOME STATEMENT Figures in AED million 2006 2007 2008 2009 Revenues 16,290 21,340 27,095 33,156 Total Operating Expenses -10,694 -14,730 -19,228 -23,173 Total Operating Income (EBIT) 5,596 6,610 7,868 9,983 Depreciation -1,391 -1,368 -2,147 -2,487 Amortization -6 -594 -672 -668 EBITDA 6,993 8,571 10,686 13,139 Interest Income 476 623 722 868 Interest Expense -262 -503 -426 -349 NPBT 5,810 6,843 8,114 10,448 Deferred Tax 0 -122 -122 -122 Net Income Before Minority Interest 5,810 6,720 7,991 10,326 Minority Interest 50 576 390 389 Net Income 5,860 7,297 8,381 10,715 Income Statement: The Balance Sheet: The balance sheet is usually divided in two sections: the assets section at the top or left side, and the liabilities and owners equity section at the bottom or right side. It is important to realize that the balance sheet must balance (thus the name). That is, total assets must equal the sum of total liabilities and total owners equity. Each of these sections is usually further divided into subsections. On the asset side, there are two subsections. The current assets section describes the value of the firms short-term assets. Short-term, in this case, is defined as one year or the time it takes for the asset to go through one cash flow cycle (i.e., from purchase to sale to collection). Typical current assets are: cash, accounts receivable, and inventories. Fixed assets are those assets with lives longer than one year. Examples of fixed assets include vehicles, property, buildings, etc. Like assets, liabilities can be subdivided into two sections. Current liabilities are those l iabilities that are expected to be retired within one year. Examples are items such as accounts payable, wages payable, etc. Long-term liabilities are those that will not be paid off within the current year. Generally, long-term liabilities are made up of various types of bonds, bank loans, etc. Owners equity represents the difference between the value of the total assets and liabilities of the firm. This part of the balance sheet is subdivided into contributed capital and retained earnings. Contributed capital Bali Cumberland is the investment made by the common and preferred stockholders of the firm. Retained earning is the accumulation of the undistributed profits of the firm. And below is the ETISALATs Balance Sheet for 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2009. Balance Sheet Figures in AED million 2006 2007 2008 2009 Cash 10,304 9,433 14,025 17,657 Receivables 1,091 2,047 3,762 4,509 Stores 66 175 222 272 Other Current Assets 2,093 1,246 1,139 1,276 Total Current Assets 13,553 12,901 19,149 23,713 Net Fixed Assets 8,496 11,876 14,155 15,490 Other Long Term Assets 23,859 27,671 27,949 27,086 Total Long Term Assets 32,355 39,547 42,104 42,576 Total Assets 45,908 52,448 61,253 66,289 Short Term Debt 0 343 3,874 775 Payables 8,568 13,231 14,212 17,212 Other Current Liabilities 5,037 4,092 4,321 4,459 Total Current Liabilities 13,605 17,665 22,408 22,447 Total Grey Area 2,208 1,838 1,448 1,059 Long Term Debt 6,981 3,141 2,635 1,860 Other Long Term Liabilities 3,928 5,746 5,618 4,658 Total Long Term Liabilities 10,909 8,887 8,253 6,518 Net Worth 19,187 24,057 29,144 36,265 Total Liabilities and Equity 45,908 52,448 61,253 66,289 Balance Sheet Graph. Cash Flow Statement: Cash Flow statement Figures in AED million 2006 2007 2008 2009 Net Profit 5,859,747 7,296,644 8,664,984 8,546,432 Depreciation 1,391,349 1,368,182 1,708,289 2,113,870 Amortization of licenses 5,729 593,756 809,283 982,956 Other adjustments (538,352) (896,711) (2,423,411) (289,594) Operating cash flows before change in Working capital 6,718,473 8,361,871 8,759,145 11,136,663 Stores 38,688 (46,960) (27,638) (40,569) Debtors and Prepayments (375,655) (262,364) (494,944) (875,115) Amounts due from/to other telecom Administrators (81,008) (353,675) (503,094) (235,572) Creditors and Accruals 2,208,252 3,175,454 3,119,591 (930,109) Net cash from operating activities 8,508,750 10,874,326 10,853,060 9,055,298 Proceeds from disposal of an investment 2,324,994 Investments (4,823,902) (2,488,938) (2,128,196) (1,968,950) Intangibles (706,396) Dividends Received 259,796 194,931 136,371 Purchases of fixed assets (1,432,084) (3,460,275) (3,661,196) (2,641,489) Acquisition of Subsidiaries (754,466) (875,560) License Fees Paid (11,236,127) (126,696) (1,399,501) Interest income received 475,704 622,715 425,804 677,692 Net cash used in investing activities (16,756,613) (6,012,729) 2(2,902,223) (6,914,203) Due from Associates 1,174,579 (256,616) (123,845) Loans to associates (422,105) 10,287 Loans installment repaid by associates 130,495 Advances/loans from investment partners 2,088,485 57,804 180,665 Repayment/ proceedings 6,980,600 (4,131,956) (2,164,545) 2,468,430 Amounts contributed by minority share holders 2,175,321 124,165 Finance cost paid (129,038) (443,462) (413,564) (424,646) Dividends Paid (2,041,875) (2,835,938) (3,244,312) (5,600,362) Net cash from financing activities 8,651,338 (5,924,313) (5898,372) (2,472,236) Net change in cash 403,525 (1,062,716) 2,052,465 (331,142) Beginning cash 9,658,510 10,304,033 9,432,564 11,294,868 Exchange differences on translations Of overseas operations 241,998 191,247 (190,161) Cash at end 10,304,033 9,432,564 11,294,868 10,963,726 Trend Analysis TREND ANALYSIS Trend analysis provides signals as to whether the companys financial health is likely to improve or deteriorate. The trend analysis based upon the following financial ratios: Leverage Ratios: to measure the extent to which the companys assets are financed with debt Liquidity Ratios: to measure the companys ability to pay its bills Profitability Ratios: to measure the companys ability to generate earnings Efficiency Ratios: to measure the companys ability to utilize its assets Market Value Ratios: to measure the market perception about the companys future prospects. The downloaded four years balance sheets and income statements are to be used to calculate the financial ratios. For example, four leverage ratios (Debt/Equity, LT Debt/ Cap, LT Debt/Tot Debt, and LT Debt/Tot Assets) are reported, but the interest coverage ratio (= earnings available for interest/interest expenses) is missing in the DJI. Students are required to obtain the earnings and interest expenses information from the income statements and calculate this ratio to measure the companys ability to service the debt. In the area of liquidity, current ratio (= current assets/current liabilities) and quick ratio (= quick assets/ current liabilities) are reported, but the interval measure (= quick assets/daily operating expenditures) is not. Students are required to obtain quick assets (= cash equivalent + receivables) from the balance sheets and operating expenditures from the income statements, and calculate this ratio to measure how long the company can keep up with its bills using only existing quick assets. FACT SHEETS: Fact Sheets 2006 2007 2008 2009 Liquidity Ratio Current Ratio 1.0 .7 .7 .9 Acid test ratio NA NA NA NA Average collection period NA NA NA NA Efficiency Ratios Inventory Turnover Ratio= NA NA NA NA Fixed Asset Turnover Ratio= 1.92 1.79 1.91 2.14 Total Asset Turnover Ratio= 0.35 0.41 0.44 0.5 Account Receivable Turnover= NA NA NA NA Operating income return on investment 12.1% 12.6% 12.8% 15% Leverage Ratios The Total Debt Ratio= Times interest earned= 21.4 13.1 18.4 28.6 Return On Equity ROE Growth Rate of Etisalat. Profitability Ratio. Liquidity Ratio Activity Ratio Conclusion: Despite intense competition and global market conditions, Etisalat has reported consolidated revenues of AED 26.21 bn in 2008 an increase of 22.4% over 2007revenues. Revenue from international operations increased by 14.7% and formed 9% of groups revenue. With the UAE mobile market approaching saturation, the belief is that the mobile operators will focus on high quality value added services. The migration to NGN (Next Generation Network) in UAE will enable Etisalat to further introduce more value added services. It is believed that UAE will still be the revenue driver for Etisalat. A strong financial position will enable Etisalat to continue pursuing its expansion strategy and eye strategic acquisition. The share of international operations of the groups is expected to grow as well as the revenues generated by them which is clear from the fact sheets above. With the launch of du, the second mobile operator in February 2007, quarterly net mobile subscriber additions for th e total market almost doubled, reaching an approximate 570,000 per quarter during 2007, compared to an average of 247,000 subscribers per quarter in 2006. They do not expect to witness a price war between the two UAE operators in the short term, given the significantly smaller scale of operations that du manages, compared to Etisalat. Given that the level of technology deployed by both operators is similar, they believe that the quality and diversity of bundled services and promotions will be the base for competition in the short term.

Challenges College Students Face - 1042 Words

Kalyn Pina Professor Lall English V01a 2 February 2015 Obama states â€Å"two in three jobs require higher education† (2012 speech). College may be the stepping stone to real life but there are too many challenges against the students. If we want them to succeed why is the system so complicated and expensive? Many college students end up in financial trouble due to being unprepared. Students often don’t have the right study skills going into college and that can hurt them. Some student is often not emotionally ready for college and struggle with the transition. Whether we are ready or not college is what we must invest in so we can peruse our education. College isn’t easy and students face many challenges like financial trouble, lack of†¦show more content†¦Students that are not confident in their decision or they feel like that is they have to major in something they don’t like will most likely fail or change their major and have to start over. 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Assignment #1 Best Practices Free Essays

January 4, 2013 BUS 5668: Cases in Applied Project Management Assignment #1: Best Practices From 1940 to present, Project Management has continuously advanced from line managers using a small set of processes that were considered nice to have to the formal assignment of one individual assigned as the Project Manager that utilized a formal methodology by which to manage the project. Often the term â€Å"best practices† is referenced within a defined methodology. Why must an organization capture best practices? What are the determining factors in base-lining a best practice? Can an organization have too many best practices? What are the impacts of establishing too many best practices that mandated by senior management for use on all projects? Provide one example of a Project Management best practice. We will write a custom essay sample on Assignment #1: Best Practices or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Video Lecture 2 and independent research) What are Best Practices? According to the Business Dictionary, And According to the Business Dictionary, â€Å"A Best Practice is a method or technique that has consistently shown results superior to those achieved with other means, and that is used as a benchmark (Business Dictionary). † Organizations that have had constant success have adapted a unique version of the best practice method that accommodates what they do. Many organizations use best practices to do the following (but not limited to): †¢ Develop an understanding of the necessary requirements †¢ Focusing on how to deliver the service / continue to deliver the service †¢ Improve the perception of the customer(s) †¢ Eliminate wasteful spending/investments †¢ Increase productivity and employee morale †¢ Improve Risk Management Using the best practices listed above along with other best practices the organization deem necessary, organizations can create a baseline to accommodate their organizations. A Base-line is defined as the current version of a project plan that guides project performance and against which the project manager compares actual project performance. (Portny, el. ) When an organization is creating or enhancing a base-line, the organization has to take into consideration the following: †¢ How will the best practice benefit the organization †¢ Who will the best practice have the most impact on (customer, organization, stakeholders, etc. ) †¢ What is the return on investments for the organization by implementing the best practices. Although best practices is the ideal method to use when operating an organization, not using the best practices method as it is meant to be used is just as bad as not having a process in place to run the organization. Time and time again, many organizations lose site of what best practices really are because they set too many goals as best practices. As a result, the organization fails to improve and keep up with competitors due to losing sight because they have so many best practices they are trying to focus on. The idea behind the best ractices is to ensure the organization is operating on one accord throughout the organization. By implementing too many best practices may result in the disorganization within the organization. Everyone would not be on one accord which can lead to miscommunication and every department doing what they see fit. Having too many best practices is just as bad as not having any at all. By implementing too many best practices, the organization have a higher probability to failing due to no realistic opportunity of implementing all of the best practices. And the best practices implemented will not be fulfill 100% due to lack of resources because resources are spread thin due to the large amount of best practices. Also, every best practice may not be suitable for every department within the organization. By implementing best practices that will not be beneficial to department will become a waist of resources, spending, and as a result the project has a high probability of failing. An example of a Project Management best practice would be the implementation of ITIL within the NASA organization. ITIL provides a practical, no-nonsense framework for identifying, planning, delivering and supporting IT services to the business. The NASA Shared Services Center (NSSC) is ITIL aligned. As a member of the NASA Shared Services Center, I had the opportunity to work on the implementation of the Enterprise Service Desk (ESD). The ESD offers 24Ãâ€"7 technical support to the entire NASA Agency. This department was stood up on the premises of offering the best IT support at the lowest cost. The NSSC has been using this best practice since it’s start-up. I for one believe the ITIL best practice has brought much success to the NSSC. References: Last, F. M. (Year Published) Book. City, State: Publisher. Portny, Stanley E. (2008) Project Management: Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling Projects. New Jersey John wWley Sons No author. (n. d. ) Business Dictionary. Retrieved on 01/09/2012. Retrieved from http://www. businessdictionary. com/definition/best-practice. html#ixzz2HuDx20hu No author. (05. 10. 2012) ITIL. Retrieved on 01/09/2012. Retrieved from http://www. itil-officialsite. com/AboutITIL/WhatisITIL. aspx How to cite Assignment #1: Best Practices, Papers

Control in Cloud Computing Environment †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Control in Cloud Computing Environment. Answer: Introduction Webbs Stores is regional retailer that is based out of Australia. The store has its data centres in Sydney, Melbourne and many regional data centres located in several different locations. There are six hundred members of the staff and two hundred warehouse staff members that are engaged with the store. Due to the problems in the current system and sets of operations, the store has agreed to move its database and operational activities to the cloud. The report covers the aspects of security that Webbs store must consider and implement. The store has decided to move MS SQL Server 2012 R2 database to cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) model. The following security measures will be required to be adopted in this case. Enhanced network security with the deployment and integration of the database with automated network monitoring and intrusion detection tools. Role based access control system to be implemented to make sure that only the privileges and authorized users are provided the ability to access the database. Two-fold user authentication comprising of one time passwords and biometrics. Implementation of anti-denial and anti-malware tools (Ismail, 2017) Encryption of the information using Advanced Encryption Standard algorithms (AES) and implementation of advanced hashing schemes. There shall be enhanced backup and disaster recovery mechanisms that shall be applied in the database. The above steps that have been illustrated will result in the prevention, detection and control of the security risks and attacks. There are numerous security occurrences that may take place in association with IaaS cloud delivery model. As a result, it has been observed that the customer trust and satisfaction drops down in such cases because of the repeated frequency of such incidents. With the use and implementation of the measures suggested above, it will become possible to avoid the security attacks (Simou, 2016). Issues Difficulties There may be implementation and compatibility issues that may be observed. For instance, the network security tools may not be compatible with the IaaS database that will be implemented for the store (Shahid, 2015). These security tools and measures will also involve a considerable cost associated with it. It may lead to the problems with the estimated budget and expenses in association with Webbs stores. The decision to move the critical database on the cloud might bring in a number of cloud database specific security risks and concerns. The attackers may violate the rules of access control and may hijack the accounts on the database. It will provide them with the ability to access the data and information sets from the database and misuse the same (Alashoor, 2014). Information breaches and leakages are some of the risks that have been observed in association with the cloud databases. There may be business data and operations that will be carried out on the cloud database which will have little or no infrastructural control by the IT department or the technical people from the store. Many of the network-based security attacks may take place with cloud infrastructure as the threat agent (Singh, 2001). The information will be shared from one data source to the other on the cloud and other networks. The sharing and communication of information will be transmitted through various networks and access points. Not all of these networks and access points will have a standard security mechanism implemented which will give rise to the security risks and privacy threats. Risks Issues Backup, Storage and Retrieval There are also risks associated with the back-up, storage and retrieval of the data from the cloud. In case of backing up of the data on the cloud, there will be automated codes and programs that will be required to automatically run the back-up. However, in case of a faulty code or launch of a malware in the code, the process of backing up of the data may not be completed. The data that will be stored on the cloud will also be open to the security attacks by the attackers. There may also be technical and operational errors and risks that may result in integrity risks. There will be a number of stored copies of the data on the cloud. The users may update one of the copies and may leave the other unchanged. This will lead to the problems of inconsistency and violation of integrity (Fowler, 2010). The retrieval of the information will require the authenticated user credentials to login to the database and gain access to the same. The users and employees may accidentally or deliberately share their credentials with the unauthorized users. Such users may gain access to the database and may cause damage to the information present within it. Disaster Recovery Strategy Disaster recovery strategy that is currently followed in the Webbs stores will be required to be modified and updated according to the cloud model that is used. In case of cloud, there will be increased probability of the security and privacy risks. The disaster recovery strategy will therefore be required to analyze all the cloud-related concerns and develop the control measures mapping with each (Tari, Yi, Premarathne, Bertok Khalil, 2015). The frequency of the back-up and the number of data repositories will also increase and the process of the back-ups will be modified as per the improved disaster recovery strategy. Access Control Access control is one of the basic steps towards security. There are a number of access control models that have been developed such as mandatory, role-based, attribute-based and discretionary access control. In case of Webbs Stores, access shall be protected by executing and implementing a combination of mandatory and role based access control. IaaS infrastructure: Role-based access control Ms SQL Server 2012 R2 cloud instance: Role based access control Cloud network infrastructure: Attribute based access control Cloud backup and restore infrastructure: Attribute based access control Role based access control is the mechanism that provides access on the basis of the user role. Attribute based access control on the other hand provides access on the basis of users attributes such as date of birth or social security number or a combination of other attributes (Khan, 2012). Conclusion Webbs Stores has taken a significant and necessary action by deciding to implement the cloud computing models in their architecture. With the implementation of cloud databases, the current issues in terms of difficult data and information management along with replication of the data will be avoided. However, it will give rise to a new set of issues and concerns which will be required to be managed. There will be a number of security issues, privacy attacks, operational and technical risks that will come up. There will also be a number of changes that will be introduced in the store in terms of the operational changes, technical changes, implementation requirements and many more (Nadeem, 2016). It will be necessary to handle all of these issues and changes to gain the best out of cloud computing models and databases implemented in the store. An initial session of training will be required for the internal members of the staff to make them comfortable with the new system. It will lead to a clear understanding of the functionalities and will provide them with the clarity on the correct usage and application (Hashemi Hesarlo, 2014). References Alashoor, T. (2014). Cloud computing: a review of security issues and solutions. International Journal Of Cloud Computing, 3(3), 228. https://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijcc.2014.064760 Fowler, S. (2010). Impact of denial of service solutions on network quality of service. Security And Communication Networks, 4(10), 1089-1103. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sec.219 Hashemi, S., Hesarlo, P. (2014). Security, Privacy and Trust Challenges in Cloud Computing and Solutions. International Journal Of Computer Network And Information Security, 6(8), 34-40. https://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijcnis.2014.08.05 Ismail, N. (2017). The winding road to GDPR compliance - Information Age. Information Age. Retrieved 25 August 2017, from https://www.information-age.com/winding-road-gdpr-compliance-123468132/ Khan, A. (2012). Access Control in Cloud Computing Environment. Retrieved 25 August 2017, from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/ef20/bc1239539f9a8502715153c5af67fc9e9034.pdf Nadeem, M. (2016). Cloud Computing: Security Issues and Challenges. Journal Of Wireless Communications, 1(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.21174/jowc.v1i1.73 Shahid, M. (2015). Cloud Computing Security Models, Architectures, Issues and Challenges: A Survey. The Smart Computing Review, 602-616. https://dx.doi.org/10.6029/smartcr.2015.06.010 Simou, S. (2016). A survey on cloud forensics challenges and solutions. Security And Communication Networks, 9(18), 6285-6314. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sec.1688 Singh, K. (2001). IT Infrastructure Security-Step by Step. Sans.org. Retrieved 25 August 2017, from https://www.sans.org/reading-room/whitepapers/basics/infrastructure-security-step-step-430 Tari, Z., Yi, X., Premarathne, U., Bertok, P., Khalil, I. (2015). Security and Privacy in Cloud Computing: Vision, Trends, and Challenges. IEEE Cloud Computing, 2(2), 30-38. https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcc.2015.45

Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition. Example For Students

Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition. Definition Term The natural process by which atmospheric and environmental agents, such as wind, rain, and temperature changes, disintegrate and decompose rocks. weathering The process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another. erosion In geology, the process in which material is laid down. deposition The mechanical breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces that is caused by natural processes and that does not change the chemical composition of the rock material. physical weathering The chemical breakdown and decomposition of rocks by natural processes in the environment. chemical weathering Wearing away by scraping or rubbing. abrasion separation of successive thin shells, or spalls, from massive rock. exfoliation a reaction with oxygen, occurring when rock is exposed to oxygen in the air or in water; Elements in the rock such as iron or copper combine with oxygen to form new chemical compounds. oxidation precipitation (rain) that is more acidic than normal; caused by chemical air pollutants combining with water vapor in air; the most common pollutants are sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). acid precipitation

9 Types of Students You Can Meet in a Classroom

9 Types of Students You Can Meet in a Classroom You can often see some typical characters of students on TV shows and movies. You might have noticed that in real life types of students in high school and college are different from those featured on TV. Weve classified nine student types which you can meet in a typical classroom. 1. A Sleeper This guy or girl definitely has a superpower to fall asleep at a desk not minding the noise. You might feel a little jealous that your classmate is having an extra nap while you have to take notes and listen to the teacher. Its curious that sleepers often stay unnoticed. But you should know that there will be nothing to be jealous about when a teacher suddenly comes up to a sleeper to wake him or her up. This is one of the most common types of students you meet in college. The reason for that is simple - many students have part-time jobs which are not easy to handle. A bonus: Find out more about easy part-time jobs that won’t make you sleepy in a classroom from our article. 2. An â€Å"I-Know-It-All† You definitely have a classmate, who raises his or her hand anytime a question is asked. This guy or girl is always ready to take another test or stay for an extra class. Next time this happens, dont roll your eyes too far (we know you do it every time) for not harming yourself. Eventually, there must be someone who draws a teachers attention away from a sleeper. 3. An Outsider This person typically sits somewhere at the end of the classroom and can be spotted daydreaming or doodling in a notebook. An outsider usually has no friends or has only one friend, but it seems that an outsider is okay with it. If you think that this type of people is too gloomy, then you should know that its because they are very self-conscious. But you can crack that shell to reveal an excellent friend. 4. A Golden Star We are not talking about Patrick the Star, but the one, who is beloved by every teacher in your school. You cant even tell why, but this guy or girl is always praised. Such people always look too relaxed, so sometimes you think that all their homework is done by elves. Dont judge them too much, as you might not know how a person actually feels. 5. A Gadget Addict Sometimes you think that the hand of this person is glued to a cell phone and will never be detached from it. You can see a gadget addict constantly scrolling through Instagram feed or watching YouTube videos while everyone else is listening to a teacher. Well, maybe he or she is a future social media marketer, who knows. 6. A Clown A clown always has a joke to make your day. Usually, this person can be spotted goofing around and not paying attention to anything that your teacher is saying. When it comes to an awkward pause in a conversation among your classmates, a clown always has something to say that breaks the silence. You might not be surprised seeing this classmate in a meme or vine compilation video. Perhaps, you can even find him or her in our list of the best college memes. 7. An Energizer An energizer seems to have a time-turner in a pocket. This person somehow manages to be in sports, school events, singing in a chore, making posters for the next charity march and helping every club in the school. These students just have too much energy to sit on their hands. And while you are trying to stop procrastinating and start doing your homework, think about an energizer who is probably crafting another model for a chemistry club. 8. A Space King (or Queen) If you are constantly asked for a pencil to borrow, about what the home task was or even what the day of the week is, then its a space king (queen) whos talking to you. You wonder how soon this guy or girl will be expelled, but somehow this never happens. You are probably mad because a space king (queen) always comes unprepared but still carry an extra pencil for this guy. 9. A Party Maker The one who attends parties so often that you wonder if this person ever sleeps. A party maker is known by the majority of students, and almost everyone can tell you a funny story about the time they attended a party together. Its not that surprising that party makers are not the best students, but they usually get help from their classmates in exchange for an invitation to a party. Take the Quiz If you dont know which type of student you are, you can take a short quiz on the types of students classification to understand more about whether you are a diligent or a careless student. Did you recognize these personalities in your classroom? Do you think that we have covered all kinds of students behavior? Let us know!

Our country's obsession with beauty Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Our country's obsession with beauty - Assignment Example The stereotypical bleached blond, silicone enhanced, toned bodied and presumably dim-witted â€Å"bimbette† gets the attention from both sexes. Men want them. Women want to be like them, especially young, impressionable females who still don’t fully appreciate the term â€Å"superficial.† The â€Å"Barbie Syndrome† is a symptom of a society that is focused on looks to the disadvantage of everyone. The idea that youthful looks consequentially translates to youthful desirability and energy is common and helps to further the concept of the body as object. Many studies regarding this phenomenon make a direct and dangerous connection of an appearance driven society with ever-increasing instances of eating disorders particularly among teenagers. It’s not only the media reinforcing image worship; teenagers follow the example of adults who are increasingly utilizing plastic surgery to improve physical features. Ultimately, it is society that decides what the idyllic human form should be and consequently it is the duty of the adults to decide to what degree, if any, physical attributes define an individual’s value. It is also society that responsible for ending the ridiculous, seemingly ingrained idea that the looks a woman was born with outweighs any accomplishments she has earned with hard work, and

The Gap (Gap Inc.), an international retailer company Essay

The Gap (Gap Inc.), an international retailer company - Essay Example Local Network with certain recommendations that may help other companies and organizations to achieve better compliance with the following important principles of the Global Compact: Principle 1: Businesses should support and respect the protection of internationally proclaimed human rights (UN Global Compact 2011). Principle 2: undertake initiatives to promote greater environmental responsibility (UN Global Compact 2011). We believe our experience designing and implementing numerous CSR programs can be considered reliable, because Gap Inc. owns more than 3,100 stores worldwide and employs more than 150,000 people from all over the world, all of which are actively engaged in the Gap’s efforts to support human rights and environmental protection (Wright 2007). Having tries many approaches to supporting human rights and protecting the environment, we have come up with several strategies that help us to be a sustainable and responsible company, whose operations benefit all of the stakeholders. Lessons Learnt Gap Inc. has been continuously devoting much time and attention to promoting human rights protection programs. In particular, we are promoting diversity in every sphere of our operations. â€Å"Diversity is the rich variety reflected in our work environment and marketplace – including ethnicity, race, gender, age, sexual orientation, faith, culture and global experiences†.... Human Rights Policy 2010). Nevertheless, we have had some negative experience. Workers of our supplier factory made claims of labor abuses and offensive attitudes from the side of their management (Smith, Ansett, and Erez 2011). For that reason we had to invest millions of dollars into making sure that employees of our supply chain were treated with respect and dignity (Amazeen, Michelle 2011). As for protecting the natural environment of our planet, we are members of Business for Innovative Climate and Energy Policy (BICEP) (Environment 2011). As the members of BICEP we take a great care of design and development policies, strategies and procedures related to protecting our world in terms of working with clean energy and approaching the climate change challenges (Environment – Public Policy 2011) At the same time, we have watched the negative experience of one of our suppliers, the mountain kingdom of Lesotho. In 2009 this company was reported to pour unused and toxic mat erials into local rivers (Smith, Ansett, and Erez 2011). This shows that the organization does not give much care to the environmental constraints facing the global society. Recommendations On the basis of both positive and negative lessons learnt from past experience, Gap Inc. would like to draw the attention of the Local Networks to the outlined below recommendations. We believe the presented here measures will significantly improve positions of companies both financially, though increased customer loyalty, and socially, through improved corporate image and identity. Develop a standardized set of guidelines for business and organizations to follow in order to

Comparison And Contrast Of The Importance Of Religion And Secularism Essay

Comparison And Contrast Of The Importance Of Religion And Secularism - Essay Example In the prince Machiavelli does not direct reference to religion or secularism because his view is the well being of the community and security. He does not give so much emphasis on morality in political actions. For him moral acts were just part of instrumental in achieving political expedience. So for him the social and political consequences f acts interested him more than th moral intent of any action. For Machiavelli in human nature all actions are bound to be either good or evil. Machiavelli feels that the violation of personal morality is not justified. But quickly points out the fact that the violations of the standards of personal morality can excused in ceases of public interest. The honors are thrown upon statesmen according to Machiavelli to know when to act in the interest of the common good. Machiavelli himself was a Christian though he had attacks on the church which was nearly directed at the clerics. These attacks can never be considered as anti religious but rather o n the scandalous live of popes and their political activities. His critic on religion was mostly on Christianity since it helped the some minority to achieve political expediency and the socially undesirable ends. This led him to call for the return an original creed. He promoted the idea of social pragmatics in religion than encourage secularism. According to Machiavelli Glory is rendered to acts that are cherished and remembered by mankind. In his view finding religion involves the founding of religion, establishing commonwealths, creating literature and through process of commanding armies as well. . John Locke’s views on religion tend to align to those of Machiavelli. In the simple respect that lock views religion as an individual decision and not one imposed by the common wealth or state. According to Lock religion should only be addressed in private sphere. This has to an impression that john lock in actual sense trivializes religion not seeing not seeing the importance of having it in the public. Especially when celebrating religious activities publicly. In the treatise of government makes a categorical attack on religion labeling those who disagree with him as not being part of the body of Christ (23). Lock further notes that the authority of the church merely comes from the priests and in his view does not come from God. He further notes that orthodoxy in religious belief and adherence comes from individual belief.   According to lock churches should not be involved in worldly maters and therefore it has no impact on what people do (32). Lock view on religion is that individual should find their own path and does not understand which path is the right to follow. This is in respect to the fact people follow different paths. He actually trivializes the Christian traditions by claiming that Christ mention that he is the way is not right. Since some people do not see that as right (36).Jons hn lock’s attack on Christian traditions include an attack on baptism and the holy communion. He mentions how the two traditions are in respect to individual discretion for example how others are allowed to take the Holy Communion while others are not allowed. Lock also mentions the different baptism to justify himself on individual discretion on the practices    lock presents himself as secular holding no traditional religious beliefs or practices. Quite different to Machiavelli who despite his philosophy does not parapet religious beliefs. He himself was raised and died as a Christian. This is quite different john lock who is secular in his views and perspectives. The

Strategic Business Plan Lexus Motors

Strategic Business Plan Lexus Motors This report is about the meaning and analysis of LEXUS in respect of strategic planning and implementation point of view. In this report I have deliberated about the history of LEXUS and their strategic marketing analysis in terms of its positioning besides its growth rate and market share in todays business environment. And main resolution of the report is to plan the implementation of the strategy. Moreover, we have discussed about the vision, mission, objectives and current marketing trends as well as the SWOT (mà ©tier, weaknesses, opportunities threats) analysis, external internal conservational scanning of the concern in respect of their participants and strategic formulation of the firmpolicyalso how we will going to tool these strategy and also give some recommendations that can help to grow their marketplace share in the upcoming competitive marketing environment. LEXUS competing the competitors maintaining strong relationship with patrons by taking under consideration its Macro PC environment very efficiently. In this report, we also make a thorough review, monitoring and control that how company studied and control the strategy of LEXUS., policies such as corporate strategies, business level and its real-worldpolicies, action program and economical protection of the business. 2 Back Ground The standard for examination was basically the criterion given to me by our teacher. Before commencing my project I have stay in the company. I had conducted few group meetings in which I meticulously discuss concepts and over view of my project. The Business that I would remain researching on was properly selected keeping in view the contact besidesaccessibility.It was basically research project owed to me by our awarding body Edexcel. The main theme of the project was to choose particular excising organization and constructs its organisationplan; develop vision, mission and objectives besides measures plain for the implementation of the strategy the research was led by by direct and projective techniques and animated research.This was basically a very good learning experience as I conducted proper field study, and this gave me a factual idea of the strategy formulation and implementation of the finished strategy that I might be hesitant upon throughout my professional life and for preliminary my profitable it s really realobliging for future. 3 METHODOLOGY My research project contains detail evocative research. It doesnt include any quantitative investigation its solely based upon qualitative data. which I calmfinishedright visiting to the organization besidesleadingmeetings .and myself also collect some financial information of the businessafterhereyearly financially record books. I also conduct information from different online resources. That is I showed the penalties qualitatively. E.g. how my company frames, appraise and control group for the appeal of the plan. 4 Vision, Mission and Objective 4.1VISION Statement To be the professional and innovative in Motor Industry in all around the World. 4.2 LEXUS MISSION STATEMENT Lexus is stanch to customer satisfaction through offering high quality with excellent services and good value of their price. We take great pride in aiding each other, our customers. We seek continuous improvement in all that we do for the benefit our stakeholder and the society we live within. To attract and retain customers with the highest worth products and services and the most satisfying tenure experience. 4.3 Statement of Values Lexus firmly stanch with a corporate philosophy that incorporates solid values. We encourage a culture of mutual respect and treat in cooperation our team members and users with quick facilitiesthenupkeep. We aim to be proactively responsive to new ideas only if variety of Motors as compare toward our competitors. 4.4 Objectives To Increase advertising by 70% by December 2011. Generate 70% brand awareness within the consumers target market by December 2011. To break even by the end of 2011 To increase in market share by December 2011. To earn a good reputation and create a good image of the company by reducing customers complaints by December 2011. To increase the sale of Lexus motors up to 3million by the end of 2014. 4.5 CORPORATE FINANCIAL OBJECTIVE To achieve return on sales 90% by JUNE 2011 and double it by JUNE 2012. To achieve cost to income ratio of 90% by May 2010 and reduce this ratio by 30% on a yearly bases. To capitalize the business by January 2012 To always maintain high sales of 100% by January 2012. 5 EXTERNAL INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL SCANNING 5.1.1Political Analysis Since Lexus Motors operates in multiple countries across Europe and Asia, the Vital East, and Australia, it requirements to pay close care to the political climate Which are also laws then regulations in all the countries he operates in while also paying attention to regional leading bodies. Laws governing commerce, trade, growth, andasset are reliant on the local government as well as how Successfulnativebazaarsthenthrifts will remain due toward regional, national and local influence. 5.1.2 Ecumenical Analysis Functional in numerous countries across the world, Lexus Motors occupations with a globalpecuniary perception while focusing on each individual market. Because Lexus is in a rapid growth period, expanding or forming a joint undertaking in over six countries world-wide since 2007, a worldwide approach enables Lexus Motors to adapt and learn from the other different regions within the complete automotive industry. They needability and resources from five continents across the globe, thus when any mutable changes in the marketplace they can gather information andfunds from all over the world to talk any issues. For instance, if the value of the aluminum required to make train blocks goes up cutting-edge Kenya, Lexus has the selection to get the aluminum from other suppliers in Asia who they would generally get meanwhile for production in Ukraine or China. 5.1.3 Social Analysis With out any confusion, the beliefs, opinions, and general boldness of all the stakeholders in an organizationwill touch how well a company does. This includes every stakeholder since the CEO and Premier, down tothe line workers who rivet the door panel into place, after the saver to the customer, the culture and attitude of all these people will eventually determine the future of a Organization and whetherthey will be lucrative or not. For this aim, Lexus Motors inclines to use anaddition and seldom separation technique by foreign companies theyobtain. In 2007, LexusEngines acquired fordmarketableVehicles Company, which was at the time Koreas second largest truckmaker. Slightly than using de-acculturation or integrating Daewoo, Lexusappropriated an integrated approach, and continued building besides marketingDaewoos current models as well as introducing a few new copies transnationallyunbiased as it had continual done below Korean organization. 5.1.4Technological Analysis Lexus Motor viewpointits parent company, the Lexus Group, are ahead of the game in the know-how field.The Organization growth is a deep empathetic of financial stimuli and customer needs, andthe ability to translate them into customer-desired aidsfinishedprincipal edge. Engaging 1,500 experts and concocts,LexusGas-poweredTraining and Development team is debauched of the pack inUK marketplace and right concluded the rest of the field globally. AmongLexus innovatorsbe located the first indigenously industrial Light CommercialVehicle.In all ancarbuilder must modificationfamiliarize andproduce to vacation competitive in the automotive eagerbesides this is exactly what Lexus is doing over their rapid development, thenextensive research and growth. 5.2 Industry Competitive Analysis 5.2.1 Threat of New Entrance For the current UK marketplace for Motor Industry, it is not difficult for a Motor Industry to enter the market. However, it would remain extremely difficult to take ended already running major Big Government dominancy in UK or even make a important amount of profit Ford holds the first-mover benefit into the Green Cars specialty Motor Industry that gives them free reputation. Customers, especially heavy lorry drivers who remain used to going to TTC as a treat or reward after their company are not going toward go to other company theyve not ever heard of. The makedesignation is before established also, there is nowa large variety in the numerous western-style trains is obtainablein UK, such as Rover,Ponto and Land Rover. 5.2.2 Threat of substitute products As printedoverhead, there are a few major contestants in the Motor Manufacturing in Uk for Lexus, namely Ford and Ponto. The substitute products, in this case, would be TerrestrialNomad. Though they standcompetitors, their chiefcropsvaryimportantly from each other, in that they vend, Magana, Old-styleUkchic Motors, These alternatesopinionabsolutelycautiousfit as compared to the Lexus. Smooth Motors from street sellerstotalby way of substitute Motors. 5.2.3 Threat of bargaining power of suppliers The suppliers, like the buyers, have very little bargaining power. In terms of Lexus , Fords upon its move into UK, advised many of its Indian. suppliers to also extend branches into Europe. Lexus also began helping local suppliers by giving them technological support to improve their products. This is a brilliant strategy because the provisions that Lexus would otherwise need to import after the U.S. can now standgotten domestically, and if the Indian. Suppliers decide to raise their prices;Lexus caneffortlessly switch to the nativedealers. This gives us a brilliant strategy. By this strategy, Lexus created competition among its suppliers, lowering the supplier bargaining power. In terms of human resources, toil cost is extremely low because the supply of non-skilled workers great exceeds the demand for them. With so slight buyer and supplier hagglingpanels, Lexus remains able toward have a real tight switch over its prices and expenses. 5.2.4 Threat of bargaining power of Buyers The customers of Lexus, especially as individual buyers, have almost no bargaining power because doubt only one client threatens to no longer Buy Lexus, the store is not going to lower its price because the cost of late one customer is not very great.If Lexus is not providing any Other deal or upsurge the standards then customer will automatically switch toward other contestants e.g. Ford, Peugeot,and Land rover, can control these things by giving them a variety of Creation and other deal at sensiblestandards in command to grab the market and to maintain stability 5.2.5 Rivalry among existing competitors More or less what one would expect, Lexus has little rivalry with similar Motors in India. The primary aim is that their essential products are different, as in they sell different types of Motors with very different tastes and styles. For example, if Lexus elevatedhis price for normal car by a small quantity, UK Motors lovers who may not be as accepting to any other motors In addition to that, these businesseshave such different target patrons that the fluctuation of price for one out let is not going to affect the others. For sample, a full range car at Lexus ranges about  £30,000, but a full range keep is onFords motors can cost over  £40,000. The drastic difference in price swears no price opposition between these motors. 5.3 Internal Environmental Analysis Strategy Structure Style Staff Skills Systems Shared value Lexus focusing the horizontal growth strategy in the Motors industry. Lexus has top to bottom and bottom to top style of structure as top level of management also take feedback from lower level of management, Lexus is following participative leadership style all decisions took place in General meetings on popular bases Lexus has skilled and skilled staff to work within. Lexus provide proper training to staff on to meet set standards. A special log in addition checked with in body of Health besides Safety. Lexus has detached production department based on very capable worker for making of Motors. Lexus conduct changed types of polls for the feedback from their costumers and manner different types of products for their imposts. Lexus uses Quality Organization Program Managing quality in a manufacturing occupational revolves everywhereconcernedclient expectations. Lexus aim is to be proactively sociable to new ideas individual if variety of Motors as compare to our entrant in order to s atisfy clients. 6 SWOT Analysis 6.1 Strength New speculation by Toyota for its Lexus brand in factories in the US and China saw 2007 profits rise, against the international motor industry trend. Remaining profits rose 0.8% to 1.17 trillion yen ($11bn;  £5.85bn), while sales were 7.4% higher at 18.55 trillion Dollars. In 2003 Toyota analyzed its contestants Ford into third advertisement, to become the Worlds second largest carmaker with 6.78 zillioncomponents. The business is still behind rivals Over-all Motors done 8.59 million units in the same period. 6.2Weakness Being big has its own problems. The World market for cars is in a state of saturate and so car creators need to make sure that it is their models that clients want. The company needs to preserve producing flatcars in order to keep in mind its prepared efficiency. Car plants symbolize a huge deal in expensive fixed costs, as well as the from top to toe costs of homework and recollecting labor. 6.3 Opportunities Lexus and Toyota now have a reputation for manufacturing environmentally friendly vehicles. Lexus has RX 400h hybrid, and Toyota has it Prius. Lexus is to target theurban youth marketplace. The company has launch its new Aygo, which is targeted by the sharp youth market and captures (or attempt to) the nature of dance plus DJ culture in a very viable section. 6.4 Threats Product recalls are always a problem for vehicle manufacturers. In 2005 the company had to recall 990,00 sports utility vehicles and accidental trucks due to faulty front delay systems. The company is also exposed to any force group in the price of raw wealth such as rubber, steel then fuel. The key economy in the appeasing, the US and Europe also gengo-slows. These financial factors are potential intimidations for Toyota. 7STRATEGYFORMULATIONS 7.1. Corporate level Strategies Lexus focal argument on Horizontal growth strategy, Lexus always make a decision to pursue new and additional customers and furthermore it chooses to search new technology. E.g. Green Cars is one of the mile nuggetsof this group. 7.2. Business level Strategies Lexus was able to greatly decrease lead-time and cost using the TPS, while humanizing quality at the same time as a Business level Strategy. This allowed it to become one of the ten largest companies in the world. Him is now as lucrative as all the additionalcarriagecorporations shared and became the main car manufacturer in 2008. 7.3. Functional/Departmental Strategies The Principles of Functional Approaches of the Lexus Way is aadministrationviewpoint used by the Lexus firm that includes the Lexus Production System. The main ideas are to base organisation decisions on a philosophical sense of purpose and think long term, to must a process for solving problems, to add value to the organization by emergent its people, then to recognize that continuous solving root problems drives organizational knowledge. 8. Critical Success Factor (7 S model) 8.1 Strategy Lexus is the world main and most well known Motor Production Company, per chain in more than 15 thousand locations and worldwide in 75 countries Lexus had refocused global strategies to grow up its lucrative and licence Motor base overall over the world. 8.2 Structure Trainee Managers help with day-to-day running of the restaurant, and need to ensure that all operations, customer service, cash handling, marketing, purchasing, human resources, supervision and training development policies are followed Responsible for working the service areas in addition ensuring quality product, service and hygiene is delivered to all customers by top speed too with a smile. 8.3 Style Lexus spotlight on participative leadership style. Each out let manager uses the style of interpersonal edge with their employees. Lexus management relationship-oriented have both touchingthenuseful elements. 8.4 Staff Lexus also give proper training to all of their employees to maintain standard of the business. Lexus worker revenue is low so all of their staff is loyal and shows obligation. Lexus and its grant employees are further than 700 thousand in all over the world. Lexusbe necessary fully expert and acquaintancesupervise to slog with. 8.5 Skills and Competencies Lexus centre on relational skills as well because they are dedicated to purchaserpleasure through influence high quality with excellent services and good value. Lexustoomaintain industrial skills by keep reviewing Continuous improvement process to provide good quality Standard motors to their customers. 8.6 Systems The quality, service, and spotlessness program for judging the quality of service outcomes from the standpoint of every customer. The operations provision review program for measuring a Quality process implementation performance against Lexus process condition. The results of these two classextentsequencers are incorporated addicted to the Officialdom. Lexus hires a dedicated interviewing service to survey customers on their impression of formationdelivery and quality. 8.7 Shared Values Lexus too focus on imaginative ideas by given that after sale facilities and have some special ability for the commercial customers. Lexus as an association permits are by convenient places e.g. nearby city centre, big spending malls, chiefsubstructures and native area. Brand evenhandedness is one of the key strength aimed at Lexus to spread its outlet all about the world. 9Implementations Strategy Implementation Strategy implementation is the development of allocating resources to support the chosen strategy Objectives Department Action required Resources required Profit maximization. Promotion Large scale advertising activities Bill Board To get a good reputation and create a good image of the Lexus Feature control Supply product according to set standard require Best Stock for Manufacture 3. Stronger out lets all over Country Land survey team New land reform news keeping tab on the competing chains 4. Interactive Relationship Marketing Marketing Focus on Electronic way Building local public relations E Employee loyalty HR Keeping employee turnover low Commitment proper training 6. On time Delivery Transport More Vehicles needed  £ 50,000.00 10. Review, Monitoring and Control 10.1 Monitoring Policy Lexus habitsspecial techniquesin additionworth system for monitor all collect process and sales behavior. Lexus specially focus on to uphold quality and provide product according to set normal so they obligate quality specialists staff employed for monitor all managerial process behavior day to day bases. 10.2 Control Lexus has its own Data base to keep all the record of sales and clientele. Lexus control and share aggregated demographic with publicist and related all franchises. Lexus also use outside companys t beakoperators for if services. Lexus has good team who manages and keeps control off all effortssince they are the part of Lexus. Lexus all statistics and in order is copy right and highly secret to reservation its standard in the intimidatingforcefulmarketplace. 11 BUDGETS 11.1 Financial performance for the last 3 years (2008-2010) Actual and forecasted financial statement for the period ending 2010 2008( £000) 2009( £000) 2010( £000) Revenue 10000 17000 30000 Cost of Sales (5500) (5000) (6700) Gross profit 5500 7000 15400 Distribution costs (800) (1000) (1100) Administration expenses (1200) (1600) (1800) Net profit for the year 1200 6600 7700 Gross profit % 45% 60% 68% Net profit for the year % 18% 55% 55% 11.2 Actual balance Sheet as at 2008-10 and forecasted balance sheet 2008( £000) 2009( £000) 2010( £000) Non-current Asset Property, plant Equipment 6676 7500 7940 Current Assets Inventories 515 700 536 Receivables 291 500 280 Cash cash equivalent 645 500 692 Total current Assets 751 1200 2208 Total asset 7527 7200 8148 Equity and Reserves Issued share capital 2723 2535 1839 Share premium 6899 3600 5381 Revolution reserves (128) 1200 9025 Retained earnings 16 85 203 Total Equity Reserves 7727 5100 9148 11.3 Summary of financial budgets for the next 3 years Actual balance Sheet as at 2007-10 and forecasted balance sheet 2011-2013 2011( £000) 2012( £000) 2013( £000) Non-current Asset Property, plant Equipment 90000 10000 11000 Current Assets Inventories 4000 6000 6000 Receivables 11000 22000 70000 Cash cash Equivalents 12000 220000 10000 Total Assets 114000 144000 155000 Equity and Reserves Issued share capital 80600 95600 87350 Share premium 7500 7600 8600 Revolution reserves 6000 12200 25000 Retained earnings 12900 14400 25150 Total Equity Reserves 154000 130000 155000 G A N T T C H A R T Total Budget  £300 Million. Marketing Activities Time (when action) Responsibility 2010 2011 J F M A M J J A S O N D Advertisement à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Advertising Agency Sponsorship à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Marketing Asstt Sports Event Hosting à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Marketing Asstt Events New Car Launch à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Country Director Road Show à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã… ¡ Total  £ 12 Conclusion The GX 470 is one of the three SUVs offered by Lexus luxury nameplate, Lexus. The vehicle is placed in the middle of the smaller RX and the full-size LX in everything from size to price. It linked the Lexus line-up in 2010 and is currently in its first generation.AirConditioner. SomeLexus GX470s may mustglitches with the air conditioner system. Cutting-edge some cases (exact to the 2007 to 2010 model ages) the A/C may not cool sufficiently, requiring various parts to be marked for repairs. Some 2007 vehicles might need the expansion valve replaced as a consequence of breakingbeforereport noises after the hindmost air conditioner component.

Vladimir Nabokovs Lolita - The Shocking Lolita Essay examples -- Nabo

The Shocking Lolita      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Vladimir Nabokov wrote Lolita not only to create controversy and shock the public, but also for money and fame. Nabokov wrote Lolita to get attention. This novel engages moral dilemmas that are sensitive to its readers. The sensitive subject matter created such a controversy that it perpetuated sales and made it a bestseller, and he knew that if he wrote a book shocking and personal enough he would become wealthy. The novel speaks as though it were a lived event which adds to the intensity of Humbert's actions and to the shock of the reader. The delivery and depth of his thoughts make one think this is a true story, and the effect can be that the reader finds the action even more appalling.    Simon Karlinsky once declared that the publication of Lolita in America and England signaled the final "collapse of the Victorian moralistic censorship that had persisted in Western countries till the end of the 1950's"(Iannone 54). Alternatively, Nabokov states, "Lolita has no moral in tow. For me a work of fiction exists only insofar as it affords me what I shall bluntly call aesthetic bliss, that is a sense of being somehow, somewhere, connected with other states of being where art (curiosity, tenderness, kindness, ecstacy) is the norm"(314). This statement is taken from the epilogue that he wrote after the novel to state his intentions. The work has no other meaning than to shock the reader. None. Why would Nabokov bother taking the time to write a three hundred page novel just for the sake of "aesthetic bliss"(314)? Although he dismisses it entirely, moral issues arise quickly in this novel. The first moral is that by the age of twelve, one American girl has already been "hop... .... With the new release Nabokov will get more of what he wanted. On the INTERNET if one searches for the key word "Lolita", the reader will find several thousand locations in which the word "Lolita" is synonymous with pornography. Whether or not this is how Nabokov wanted to be remembered, Lolita has its place on the INTERNET. Though we may never know what drove Nabokov to write Lolita, it is still a great novel though immoral.    Works Cited Boyd, Brian. "The Year of Lolita'." The New York Times Book Review 8 Sept. 1991: 1-33. Iannone, Carol. "From Lolita' to Piss Christ'." Commentary Vol. 89, n. 1, Jan. 1990: 52-54. "Lolita and the Critics." New Republic Vol. 139, 27 Oct. 1958: 3. Nabokov, Vladimir. The Annotated Lolita. New York: Vintage Books, 1991. Schuman, Samuel. Vladimir Nabokov, a Reference Guide. Boston: G. K. Hall, 1979.   

Perception on the functionality of the school library Essay

Chapter I Background of the Study A school library is a library within a school where students, staff, and often, parents of a public (state) or private (fee paying) school have access to a variety of resources. The goal of the school library is to ensure that all members of the school community have equitable access â€Å"to books and reading, to information, and to information technology. † A school library â€Å"uses all types of media are automated, and utilize the Internet for information gathering. † School libraries are distinct from public libraries because they serve as â€Å"learner-oriented laboratories which support, extend, and individualize the school’s curriculum. A school library serves as the center and coordinating agency for all material used in the school. † Across the United States, research has shown that students in schools with good school libraries learn more, get better grades, and score higher on standardized test scores than their peers in schools without libraries. From Alaska to North Carolina, more than 60 studies have shown clear evidence of this connection between student achievement and the presence of school libraries with qualified school library media specialists. In the Philippines there is a severe lack of public libraries. Reading programs are not enough, by themselves alone, to achieve the overall and longer-term objective of making children fall in love with reading and become regular readers for life. Read-along are great in sparking a child’s initial interest in books and reading. But something more is needed to convert that initial interest into a real love of books and a lifetime reading habit. According to experts, children need at least two other things to actually adopt such a habit: (1) As much guidance, encouragement and example as they can get from their usual role models – their parents, teachers, and older siblings — and (2) regular access to books and other reading materials. As far as I know, some of the students of DCHS are using the library for past time and group chatting not for gathering information, references, and researching their homework’s. DCHS library has a low rate of students visited every day because they think reading books is so boring. I conducted this survey to motivate the students to visit the libraries and to improve their reading and writing skills, English language arts, fine arts and etc. This survey will help us to improve the library and improve the interest of the students. Statement of the problem The main purpose of this study was determined the perception of the students on the functionality of the school library. What is the perception of the students on the functionality of the school library? Is there a significant difference in the perception of the students on the functionality of the school library in terms of : section? gender? Null Hypothesis The following null hypothesis had been formulated using 0. 05 level of the significance for the present study: There is no significant difference in the perception on the functionality of the school library in terms of section and gender. Review of Related Literature A significant number of relevant literature and related studies have been compiled in this section by the researcher to provide some general basis of the design and conduct of the study. Bosah L. Eghoso conducted a survey that studied about the Perception of the library by secondary school students in enhancing success in their examinations. After the success of his survey, Bosah found a conclusion that both private and public schools relegated the library to the background in teaching and learning in recent times. Private schools proprietors do not see for expanding their finances in libraries especially when they can make their students pass their examinations through dubious methods. Dr. Zeynep Filiz, said that every two library meet the student’s information. He conducted a survey that studied about the service quality of university: A survey amongst student at Osmangazi University and Anadolu University. A total of 400 usable responses were received. About 70% of the respondents were men and 50% of responses were from Osmangazi University. About 75% of respondents had used the library more than six times, and 51% of respondents indicated they relied on the library staff when using the library. Moreover, about 35 of respondents said they intended to use the library in the future and recommended others to use the library. Sofi Zahoor Ahmad said that more than 89% rural and 90% urban schools claim existence of a library with no standard physical requirements and specifications, She condected a survey entitled A Survey of Senior Secondary School Libraries in Jammu and Kashmir India. This give her a conclusion that 89. 55% are housed in insufficiently spaced single rooms within the schools while 5. 47% are accommodated in principal offices where students always have inhibitions to go. However, a few schools 4. 97% possess separate library blocks, though these also lack the basics of a library design. No significant difference is revealed while assessing the rural-urban statistics relating to the library housing and location. Jerome Idiegbeyan-Ose said that in Benin City, do not have a library period for the students, and as a result students can never be taught how to make use of the library. He conducted a survey entitled â€Å"A survey on the Present State of School Libraries in Benin City majority of the schools investigated†. School libraries in Imo State lack adequate accommodation, materials, and funds, as well as trained staff to manage the libraries in Imo state. These are similar to what is on ground in Benin City where unqualified staff manages the school libraries. Which revealed the various libraries’ staff strength, it can be deduced that all the libraries under investigation are understaffed; Human resources in libraries contribute to the standards of that particular library. This research revealed that all the schools visited are under stocked with library materials. A majority of the schools visited in Benin City have outdated books which are very dusty, where they existed. It is very unfortunate that most of our school libraries in Benin City are staffed by unqualified staff and non-librarians, which fall short of minimum standard of a school library. Emmanuel E. Baro said that only a few library schools offer the course information literacy as a stand-alone course in their curricula. His survey entitled â€Å"A survey of information literacy education in library schools in Africa†. Results from the study revealed that, presently, only a few library schools offer the course IL as a stand-alone course in their curricula. Many library schools have not yet incorporated â€Å"IL† as a stand-alone course in their LIS curricula; rather, it is briefly discussed as a topic in related courses. Although not all the library schools in Africa were examined due to language barrier, more than 60 library schools were investigated, among them 20 institutions were found offering IL courses or a related area. This studies the researcher compiled is related to the researchers’ studies, because it is about a survey of perception on different students towards school library. It is also about enhancing the school libraries to encourage students to visit. It is also to motivate students to make their assignment and gather information in the library because one of the most fundamental areas responsible for the dwindling educational standards and fortunes in our educational system is the area of the library education and library service utilization among students. Significance of the Study The results of this study are generally aimed at providing information and ideas that are fundamental to functioning successfully in today’s information and knowledge-based society. The result is deemed significant to the academic community but mostly valuable to these groups of people: 1. Administration. The proposed study helps the institution to be more aware of what the students need in a library to develop and improve students learning progress. It also helps the administration to improve the library in the way the student’s needs. 2. Teachers. The proposed study helps the teachers in preparing classroom curriculum or seeking professional development resources. It also helps the teachers in their research to improve their visual aids. 3. Parents. The proposed study helps the parents to have a small library at home to improve the basic needs of their child. 4. Students. The proposed study helps the student to have very good concentration in their study. It also helps the students know the lesson in advance by searching the book in the library. CHAPTER II METHOD This chapter presents the research design, research subject, sampling method, research instrument, data gathering procedure and statistical treatment of the data. Research Design Descriptive research is a research that provides an accurate portrayal of characteristics of a particular individual, situation, or group. These studies are a means of discovering new meaning, describing what exists, determining the frequency with which something occurs, and categorizing information. May be used to reveal summary statistics by showing responses to all possible questionnaire items. It can provide leads in identifying needed changes and it may be used to explore relationships between two or more variables. In this research study, it intends to describe the perception of the students on the functionality of the school library through conducting this study and by having a survey on how useful a library is. In this study, the researcher will attempt to describe how students find the functionality of the school library behind the difference between the gender and section of the respondents. Research Subject This study gathered the percentage of students of the fourth year level of the Davao Central High School in relation with their perception on the functionality of the school library. The actual population of these students is seventy-five, due to a limited time and resources, by using the Slovin’s formula, the researcher would only take nineteen respondents from Confucius; twenty-four respondents from Mencius and twenty respondents from Lao Tzu to have a total of sixty-three respondents. Solution: n=N/-(1+Ne^2 ), where N(75) is the actual population, e is the percent error (5%) † =† â€Å"75† /-(â€Å"1+75† (? â€Å"0. 05† ? ^†2†³ ) ) =63 In table 1, it is indicated that the actual population of 75 (100%) is divided into two clusters which consists of 14 (19%) females and 9 (12%) males in Confucius; 16 (21%) females and 12 (16%) males in Mencius; 14 (19%) females and 10 (13%) males in Lao Tzu and a total of 44 (59%) females and 31 (41%) males. Using the Slovin’s formula, the number of samples decreased into 63 (100%) which now consists of 12 (19%) females and 7 (11%) males in Confucius; 14 (22%) females and 10(16%) males in Mencius; 12(19%) females and 8(13%) males in Lao Tzu and a total of 38 (60%) females and 25 (40%) males. Sampling Procedure In this research study, the researcher will use the systematic random sampling method. In systematic random sampling method, the researcher will conduct a survey through selecting sample members from the population according to a random starting point and a fixed, periodic interval. Typically, every ninth member is selected from the total population for inclusion in the sample population. The researcher chose this since that based in the researcher’s estimation, there are sixty percent in the fourth year level students are using the library every day. Thus, the researcher comes up with an idea on using the systematic random sampling method in conducting this research study. The researchers wrote all the names of the fourth year students in a paper and arranged by section. The researchers selected a number that he/she likes; and lastly the researcher selected the respondents every â€Å"ninth† of the names until he gets 63 respondents. Table 1. Distribution of Respondents Section ClustersPopulationSample Number NPercent (%)Number nPercent (%) ConfuciusFemale1461%1261% Male939%739% Total2331%1931% MenciusFemale 1657%1457% Male1243%1043% Total2837%2437%. Lao TzuFemale1458%1258% Male1042%842% Total2432%2032% OverallFemale4459%3859% Male3141%2541% Total75100%63100% Research Instrument The research instrument consisted of fifteen-item questionnaires that are divided into two categories (students and library) on whether the library is functional to the fourth yr. students. The respondents will respond to a five-point scale ranging from very positive, positive, fair, negative and very negative. Items on the questionnaire were drawn from literature on the normal reasons for answering the question on what is the perception on the functionality of the school library. The proposed survey questionnaire is self-constructed. In order to interpret the response of the research subjects, Table 2 will be used as basis. Table 2. Quality Index Mean ScoreQualitative Description 4. 20 – 5. 00Very Positive 3. 40 – 4. 19Positive 2. 60 – 3. 39Fair 1. 80 – 2. 59 Negative 1. 00 – 1. 79Very Negative Data Gathering Procedure This research survey had been conducted by the use of systematic random sampling method. Through this, the first 65 students in the fourth year level will serve as the respondents for this research survey. The procedure of conducting this research survey is as follows: The researchers distributed the survey questionnaire to the 63 students that has been randomly selected and ask to answer the survey. After the student had answered the questionnaire, the researchers gathered the entire survey questionnaire and thanking the students who had answered the following survey questionnaire. Statistical Treatment In this survey, the researcher used the following statistical tool to analyze the gathered data of this study: Mean. By using the mean, the researcher had been able to get the average of students’ sample population which is using the school library. Since, that the respondents are divided into two clusters, the researcher also get the average percentage of every male and female respondents of this survey. Standard Deviation. In standard deviation, it showed how much variation exists from the average mean. In short, this measured the confidence of the respondents in statistical conclusions. t-test. The t-test assesses whether the means of two groups are statistically different from each other. This analysis is appropriate whenever you want to compare the means of two groups. Through the use of t-test, the researcher had been able to distinguish the difference on the perception on the functionality of the students on the school library in terms of their gender and section. Chapter III RESULTS AND DISCUSSION This chapter presents the data obtained through the survey conducted, and the analysis of the data using the appropriate statistical treatment and the interpretation of the results obtained. Problem No. 1 What is the perception of the students on the functionality of the school library? Table 3 Perception of the Students on the Functionality of the School Library by Gender GenderMeanStandard DeviationQualitative Description Male2. 950. 39Fair Female2. 960. 52Fair Overall2. 960. 46Fair Table 3 summarizes the perception of the fourth year students on the functionality of the school library when classified according to gender. The data shows that the mean of male students is 2. 95 with a standard deviation of 0. 39 which is interpreted as fair. Moreover, the female students obtained a mean of 2. 96 with a standard deviation of 0. 52 that can  be interpreted as fair. Comparatively, it can be generalized that 4th year females are more aware of the functionality of the school library than 4th year boys. The table explains that the perception of the students on the functionality of the school library has an overall mean of 2. 96 in terms of gender that can also be interpreted as fair. The female students of all 4th year are aware of the functionality of the school library than the male, because the female students obtained a mean of 2. 96 and a 0. 52 standard deviation that can also be interpreted as fair. Table 4  Perception of the Students on the Functionality of the School Library by Section SectionMeanStandard DeviationQualitative Description Confucius2. 910. 46Fair Mencius2. 990. 45Fair Lao Tzu2. 970. 49Fair Overall2. 960. 46Fair Table 4 presents the perception of fourth year students on the functionality of the school library when categorized according to section. The data shows that the mean of Confucius students is 2. 91 with a standard deviation of 0. 46 which is interpreted as fair. Furthermore, Mencius students obtained a mean of 2. 99 with a standard deviation of 0. 45 that is interpreted fair. The mean of Lao Tzu is 2. 97 with a standard deviation of 0. 49 that is interpreted as fair. It can be generalized from the data that the Mencius students are more aware of the functionality school library than the other two sections. As a whole, the mean of all the 4th year students who were chosen as the respondents for this study is 2. 96 with a standard deviation of 0. 46 which indicates that the overall level of usage of the school library is fair. The table explains that the perception of the students on the functionality of the school library has an overall mean of 2. 96 in terms of section that can also be interpreted as fair. The 4th year Mencius students are more aware of the functionality of the school library than the two other 4th year sections because the 4th year Confucius students obtained a mean of 2. 91 and a 0. 46 standard deviation that can also be interpreted as fair. The 4th year Lao Tzu students obtained a mean of 2. 97 and a 0. 49 standard deviation that can also be interpreted as fair. Problem 2. Is there a significant difference in the perception of the students on the functionality of the school library in terms of gender and section? Table 5 Gender and Perception of the Students GenderMeanMean DifferenceComputed t-valueTabular t-valueDecisionConclusion Male2. 95-0. 01-0. 011. 99Accept NullThere is no significant difference Female2. 96 Table 5 shows the results of the t-test between the level of awareness of the parents and their gender. As presented on the table, the mean difference of the male and female respondents is -0. 01. Since the computed t-value of -0. 01 is lesser than the tabular value of 1. 99 at 0. 05 level of significance with 61 degrees of freedom, the null hypothesis is accepted. This means that there is no significant difference between the perceptions of the students of the functionality on the school library in terms of their gender. The table explains that there is no significant difference between the perceptions of the students of the functionality on the school library in terms of their gender because of the mean of the males is lesser than the mean of the females it also apply on the computed t-value and tabular t-value. The data shows that the mean of 4th year male students are 2. 95 while the 4th year female students are 2. 96 with a mean difference of -0. 01, a computed t-value of -0. 01, and a tabular table of 1. 99. Table 6 Section and Perception of the Students SectionMeanMean DifferenceComputed t-valueTabular t-valueDecisionConclusion Confucius2. 91-0. 08-0. 112. 02Accept NullThere is no significant difference Mencius2. 99 Confucius2. 91-0. 06-0. 082. 03Accept NullThere is no significant difference Lao Tzu2. 97 Mencius2. 990. 020. 032. 02Accept NullThere is no significant difference Lao Tzu2. 97 Table 6 shows the results of the t-test between the perceptions of the respondents and their section. As presented on the table, the mean difference of the Confucius and Mencius respondents is -0. 08. Since the computed t-value of -0. 11 is lesser than the tabular value of 2. 02 at 0. 05 level of significance with 41 degrees of freedom, the null hypothesis is accepted. This means that there is no significant difference between the perceptions of Confucius and Mencius students on the functionality of the school library. . On the other hand, the mean difference of the Confucius and Lao Tzu respondents is -0. 06. Since the computed t-value of -0. 08 is less than the tabular value of 2. 03 at 0. 05 level of significance with 37 degrees of freedom, the null hypothesis is accepted. This means that there is no significant difference between the perceptions of Confucius and Lao Tzu students on the functionality of the school library. Moreover, the mean difference of the Mencius and Lao Tzu respondents is 0. 02. Since the computed t-value of 0. 03 is less than the tabular value of 2. 02 at 0. 05 level of significance with 42 degrees of freedom, the null hypothesis is accepted. This means that there is no significant difference between the perceptions of Mencius and Lao Tzu students on the functionality of the school library. As a whole, it can be generalized that the perceptions of the 4th year students are aware of the functionality of the school library. Chapter IV SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Summary The study is about the functionality of the school library based on the students’ perception. The respondents in the study are the selected 4th year student of Davao Central High School. The method used in this study is the systematic random sampling wherein the researcher would pick out members from population according to the random starting point. The researchers choose this kind of sampling due to the researchers’ estimation that there will be about sixty percent of 4th year student who are using the school’s library every day. Thus, the researchers will be writing all the names of the students in a paper then he/she will pick a number that the researcher likes and lastly the researcher selects the respondents every â€Å"ninth† of the names until the researcher will get 63 respondents. Conclusion After the careful analysis of the data gathered, the researchers reached the following conclusions: 1. The level of perception on the functionality of the school library is fair. Female is more aware of the functionality of the school library than male. Section Mencius has the highest mean followed by section Lao Tzu and section Confucius. 2. There is no significant difference in the perceptions of the students on the functionality of the school library in terms of their gender. Recommendation The administration should improve the library in the way the students’ needs. The teachers should give the students an assignments or projects that can be found able at the library. The parents should have their own mini-library at hone to improve the basic needs of their child. The researchers would like to recommend to the future researchers to do some related studies about the school libraries. The researchers would like to propose some that they could also conduct a study about the usefulness of the diff. facilities, and the completeness of the references of the library.